Trian gle Sincl sir

VOLUME If

NUMBER S&S

Users

Csr OUP

VERY VERY LATE AUGUST

JUST IN TIME FOR CHRISTMAS

EDITOR:

2068 NOTES:

BILL. ROBERTS

A TUTORIAL ON

MACHINE CODE FROGRAMMING by DICK SCOVILLE

Part 5

Sometimes it’s useful to be able to print a Character side- Ways, that is, to print

this R Like this Ds. is Here is some code that does it and following that is a Sketch Gf & POSSible use.

Let’sS SUPpOSe that the €1igh byYtES giving the Shape of "R™ appear at memory positions x X41, X42, 2.2, X47, That is veing the example, :

at x 28 @@ = B8958e8¢¢8¢e bifttary at xXx¢+1 is 7C = 81111196 at x42 ig 42 = B1i880010 at x4#3 is 42 = gigaadi0 at x+4 is 70 = 91111199 at x+5 is 44 = gigagisaa at X4+6 is 42 = 91980010 at xX4+7 is @@ = 2880000900

WE Want eight different butes at locations Y, Ytl, ..., WHT, AS usual in 78a assembly code, LEt’S Let parentheses Stand for “contents of,” SO, For example,

ix4+]1) = FC.

Ve see that (J) EhOULd be the binary number made UP Of the MOSt Significant bits of (X47), (X46), ..., (X41), (x), Simitarly, tytid EhGULd be made UP Of bit V7-i from €ach of (x47) (x+6) alate (x).

CHAPEL HILL

HUY 54 =

CAMILLE OREYFUS LAB AUDITORIUNH

aaa 1

- CORNUALLTS . = SERNEAEE BM DURHAM->

Bg VE MEET THE FIRST SUNDAY OF ERCM NONTH AT THE CAMILLE CREYFUS RUDITORIUM AT 2:80 PM. PLEASE JOIN US; YOU RARE NOT UNDER ANY >

Emruneranz ("7 ~ pa o % ce zs

O-MIdAw.

Here bits are counted as USUal from 8 to F Where bit @ iS the least Significant bit-- the right-most one. Notice alt the order reversals--please Check that they are fight.

Altogether, 64 bits have toa

be Changed, and we €xpect two

nested loops of €ight each. Let’s suppose that When we enter OUr routine, DE and HL are ale r€ady x and y, the S0urce and target addresses, Then the Cuter Loop could be Something like this:

LD B,08 f (dO Something using DE but

hot changing DE) INC DE

DJUNZ ..

Remember, DUNZ first decrements » 8nd jumps CbackwWards in this Case) Only if Bere. Now in our Case Bwitt be different From @ exactly €ight times, so by the

CYCLE? For Concreténess, tet’s SUPPOsSe that DE = x42, 56 DE Points to the third row of "R", The essence of our ptan is to use the "rolt” instructions Of the Z8e. Ue can roll a byte Either to the tert or to the

bit that “rolls” off the end is put in the carry flag, and the “new” bit at the other end is

the original value of the Carry

pflag. For example, i

byte = 01119001 and Carry = 4

then after a "roti right" instruction We -WOULd. have

byte = 18111068 and Carry ‘= 1

Or after a “colt tert 2hstruction WE WOUld have

byte = 113188011 and Carry.= @ Weir, after one.of these in- ructions we rolt a “a 3 Ff Ff €- ent byte, the net result

st the bit. that was led off the first byte €ars in the second byte, via porary storage in the carry g t

e This is exactly what we d like to do for the bytes DE and HL.

a =

Ve need an inner LOOP index also: Since DUNT is Unalterably li€éd to the B register, and there is no COrresponding in- Struction for the c register, we Will have to make our own--Llike this:

LD C,08

(dO Something, but don’t Change C)

DEC Cc

JR NZ,..

Our routine now Looks Like this:

LD B,88

LD C,e@8

{do Something) j DEC C

JR NZ,.. | INC DE

DUNZ

Bameen

Now for the détaits (mainly

deciding whether we want right

rolls or left rotts!). ReEsume

fe = *+2 and HL = y. Consider is:

LD A, (DE) RL A RR (HL) INC HL (loop 8 times)

AS the bits Of the third row of “R" fCOll Off the A register, they are put into the left-—most Places of (Yy), (Y#4), ..., (CY+t7) Of course the y’S Will be rolled Several more times to the right $6 the bits that we have just imserted Will eventually Find their way to their proper spots.

After one go of the inner Loop, HL Will be y+8, s0 we Can’t start the sécond go immé€diatety. Ue Could do it this way:

S606 LD B,88 ES PUSH HL

“2A LD A, (DE)

GE@S LD C,@8

2eFs8 JR NZ,-8

El POP HL

13 INC DE

18F8 DJNZ -16 back to the PUSH RET Finished

back to “RL A" S$€t HL =y

When we finish, DE will be x+8, but HL Will be y. If we wanted

HL tO end at y+8, we could do

it this Way, Popping HL at the beginning, rather than at the €nd, Of €ach loop:

8606 LD B,88

ES PUSH HL Put y on stack Ei POP HL Set HLey and ES PUSH HL Save yom stack iA LD A, CHL)

@ESS8 LD C,88

CB1i7 RL A

CBiE RR (HL)

23 INC HL

ec DEC C

2eFs JR NZ,-8

13 INC DE

18F9 DJUNZ -16

Ci POP BC JUETIFY Stack cs RET done

Now When we leave, DE=x+8, HL=y+8, and BC=y, & bonus Which costs us a Little Space and time but Which Will come in handy as you’ll sée. OF course the Final POP is absolutely necessary because Without i the Z8Q@ would “return” to t address at the top of the s ap

t, he tac Namely y. That would be Calamitous (unless (y) happe to be CO --a& 255 to 1 sShot').,

k, ned

Save HL on stack .

~» The application that follows Uses this SeCONd version, but remember we still need & Way of Feeding this routine the correct Values Of DE and HL. Notice also that neither version con- tains any instructions involving an abSolute address Within the routine (all the yumps are rélative). This means that the routine will run in the same

Way no matter where in memory you put it.

. Here is a helpful article written for you by Dick. In it

he makes use of the techniques

that he talked about in the Machine Code Tutorial. This is where we can actually "do something" with what we have

been learning in the Tutorials.

You might also want to identify the different parts of the machine code program = and where they came from.

The Basic Shown nere uses three machine code routings at twist E298 (588a9) restore E2B6 (58838) new E2BE (58846)

The one at twist is discussed in the tutorial. If you Wish YOU Can replace linés 310 and 420 With

310 POKE 23687,229 420 POKE 23687,608

The routine at twist is a i Variant of the one in the t ial. First, we have to s L that routine With values fF and HL. This if done at E290 Second, after twisting one Ch acter we don’t want to return; Wwe Want to twist all of the G6 Characters in the Timex set. These Characters are arranged in @ row in ROM from 3008 to 3FFF (S648 bytes). Ve twist and move them to the area between DDae and DFFF. When the Last charac- ter iS twisted, HL Will be EQaa. Ve can USE thiS tG decide Whether to stop ofr to continue. The NOP’s were put in only to Separate the routines for easy reading--they Shouldn’t be in your final version, atthough they won’t hurt. Also, before the SAVE, you should CLEAR 56575 tO kill the rather large array d$. You can decide for your- S€lFf hoW, and With What, to

fill ds.

Cc QTM sia

This is

Here

the basic program.

f$ (16) d$(32,64)

twist=S8eae0e restore=58a38 new=58ad6

fill d¥ With 32 tines €ach of tength 64, PUt your program here

ti-

STOP REM treate the tWitted char

RANDOMIZE USR twist STOP

REM Lprint ds Eideways RANDOMIZE USR new

FOR k=1 TO 64

FOR i=17 To 32

LET FS$(SS-i) =adSli,k)

NEXT i LPRINT 4; FOR i=i TO 16

LET F$(i7-i} =dSCi i,k) NEXT i

XT OK RANDOMIZE USR restore STOP

SAVE “sideways” LINE 5260 SAVE “Sideways "CODE 58000,5

STOP CLEAR 56575 LOAD "“"CODE

is the machine code

program.

LD HL,8ODD LD DE,@@83D NOP

HL=EQ080 7 af not, do next char

LD A,3C LD (375C),A RET

install old Char set

imstall new Char set

Fsace bytes ‘COoMputer in ak blocks,

Other

A REVIEW OF THE PSEUDO-AON BOARD hy Bill Roberts

ok Rom

KAM OR EPRO

Ram CR EPRom

RAm OR EPRon,

Hiawatha Demby cur resident TSzx and Vice President has designed 4 Userful board for the Tazx CaNMputers , address if: 211 Nature Traxil,> NC 27705.'I purchased cne af boards for $33.88, but this

expert VERY His Chapel Hill,

the first PRICE Mabe

pslighly more or less naw,

tG- add up to rom’ tas your The Chips which are Used are static SLs rane. S€Cause they are addressed in the 8K to 16K aréa, the COMPUTEr NEVEr Changes the data in this region unless you want it to. Ergo

“PSEDO-ROM",

The board has four 24 Fin CIP sackets, One socket is for the computer ROM. The other three sockets can be used for either 6116 RAMS of 2715 EPROMS. The board is connected to the computer by a 24 pin Cakle (which plugs into the vacant ROM SOCKEt) anced two other lines. These two lines are connected to the ALS and the write lines’ on the computer Hiawatha has provided two connectors for this purpose, When these connectors are uséd, his koard can be renoved from the COMPUtEr in-about 3 minutes, The board Fits easily inside the computer case,

The board has battery back-up from a type 2025¢ Lithium. battery, As long as the battery supplies POWEr, the contents of the RAN are preserved. As I understand it, & FRESH battery Should last between 5 HONths atid a year,

This board allows. you OF “pseudo

buss.

Iv, use I have Found the board to CPREerate af promised, Here if & Yyreat Place to put Mc programs. Hiawatha has a Set of lower case Characters stared in this region. ‘You Could design your cwyy Character cet for James or just about 4angthing your heart desired,

I have my board S€t-UP With one EPROM ae Prey ammner's Utility EPROM) and 2K oF _. I like this addition very much atid rate it at 3.9,

Pale eae) 7 If you have a unused Ts1a0a, a _HEMOTECH Word PrCCESsScr, oF a MEMCTECH interface

touch Manor

anid Want to get rid of them, yet in With me. My address if: RO Tar Heel Apts., Carrboro, NC 27518,

WORD SINC TL.8 R REVIEW EY BILL ROBERTS

Word Sinc Il.3 bs P. Hargrave if one OF the best word processors Ci the market for x TSZ% computer and the 2@d@ printer! I got mine from GESANS ASSOCIATES, P.G. Box 452, Randallston, Mb 21133. It took only tuc weeks for me tc get the cassette by Bail. NOt bad. I do Ot have experience with amy other word processors sao I can not make a Fweeping judgement but my feeling if that if you have & ee4e

&) An adjustible left

margin control that

Cat be turned an, off, = oF Changed at will.

Q) An unusually complete set OF apticns. The menu includes: START NEW, CONTINUE, LTST, DELETE, MOVE, SEARCH, REPLACE, PRINT, atid SAVE.

4@)} A Continually up-dated bytes rena iting counter.

Wow, Io think that covers the high paints. All if) all Word 3:nc ig €asy to use. BUt because it is sc versatile, it will take & While tc be abie to use the

oram to it's fullest. It took me 2 while to get the expanded print for this review cet—-up correctly.Not through the fault of Word Sint, I just didn't understand haw toa set up the expanded print markers, Just read the instructions VERY carefully ani you should have TO problems.

Documentation if goad, not on the order of ZX/PRO FILE but adequate. Like I Said before, a few more examples would be helpful. The booklet is being revised at this time and I have beer promised a bocklet when Gesanig gets them in from the printer. I have high hopes for the new

Could save the program, but not the data. It would nice to get them both on 4 wafer because it takes a while to load S+K from a ta

Word Sinc II.3 can be expanded if you're lucky enough ta have more thant 16K. Havitrg only 16K is still not too bad-- it By Bath has rot failed me the 8000 bytes left for data Still gives you about 333 lines of 42 Characters. NOt bad at all:

is really nice. Touch typing if €acy if you have 2 full size keyboard. The only time I could overrun the keyboard entry routine (and it war TOt that easy to do) was when I wat imerting text inte the middle oF ami articlé. Room has to be wade in the data File for the new characters and it takes 2 wnile to do it even in machine Code.

prititer, yOu NEED this program. USE WoveTIcK TC: ‘Perceptive readers have Titiced that -Creste your oun this review has upper atid lower Cate characters, and letters. This if avi amazing accomplishment Soe ey eee oS for a TS 1020, or a ZX Sl for that matter. ——————— 7Se\ 8h ea PUSS Word Sinc IT.3 is full of unusual and very eo es cee ee helpful features. Let me list them. ee etGn: « “ee the screen !!! -Design 4 chars and place 4) The print cut has 42 characters line Pt sAywhere On the screens. instead oF the usual Se. -Redefine any ofr sll SS user - defined Characters, © www £ -Save the program, or screen. -HMerge Pragrarm With your cawm, -Clear scréen -Copy to Tesade “COPY ors = sizes to Ss full 3) Full sreen contre] of the cursor and gr aphi Ce esp Oe it te es ah autowatic scrolling. Uze the AERCO Par IVF. ints -Mganify a 40) x 3H porti j 4) Right and left margin justufication. et pee ee og pee eek -Enter Charatter etrings (kB) 5) Automatic repeat on all keys and the -Enter Basic & use any of the cursor, The repeat speed is adjustable. corns mdt you want-Circle,Oraw CUO Gr ron 4 wou desire. 6) The keyboard is converted to af J CED eA MOW ge4 05 Typewriter” format. S&H $5.007/NoV RES ALE 7% TAX ; . ; : ‘O : "Curt: : < 7) Expanded print like the title of this] | geewi tare. 7 See See stot article. : NeYer i b 315

MULTI-D

TreraqucHe

«" Gne thing I really like if that the program if almost " Crash proof’. Even if you get a report cade atid witid UP in BASIC you don't lose your data. Al] that you need to d& tO get back to the meni if enter “GOTO M' or ‘GOTO 16c".

I give WORD SINC II.3 4 solid 4. By tie way, this article if 3351 bytes long. Just ae ty cued Like TO KN. :

MULTI-DRAW Zoe &

? Gany wa nd and. vete Oreo Aes

tle] a &

*. CX KS 24

Rog By Stet tse tote tety —

aad el ly Lok Rad Back Bad ad ak ak Pik Bik Bid Pied ih Dk Pia Pid Ph ised Diy ie Si hia e hate ta ee aes Drea tat rane ne eee ea

3§ hours and hours of funr 3

s See wete sewer Det

program if really @ good iom Of graphics producing ° As you can tell From iew, it is especially

or printed material that extra kick.

3c enn miayrod

1 s v

f Th

cm co

is mot going to be because What you sé&e Lly What you get.

we rr corr rr

(am >

DMODONB, There are a few é, using color, and some

> ad in Te bond pa PS ? 2 2

a full-size printer, that t demonstrate.

an Sees Se are a couple of features Would be mic€é to have: stance, this pointing

cannot be moved to other

es om the screen,

ould be good to bé

newly defined cha 3 €

in such & Way th GUld be Placed if th ser-defined graphics here if mo thin-line e€ ke €

INecninine

tch capability.

ddddddddddddddddddddcdodddddddddad Almost all controt

z JOYStTICk ( Ao), but Enough oF this nonsense--try it yourself for $24.95 from Knighteéed Computers, 787 Highland St., Fulton, NY 13069.

One last comment: it is a big PlUS FOr a Program, and adds greatly to its usefulness, When the author tells you where the SUbroutines of it are Located. The author has done this for

MULTI-DRAU 2068.

vex bas vex ChE Léa ta]

=O68 FIG FORTH written by

E.A. Worden

distributed by

Haug Wild Software

P.Q. Box 7468

Little Rock, AR 72217

a review by Dick Scoville

It’s good toa for the 2668 are SaFP€ar, and aS might be expected Hawg Uild (aka Garu Smith) is the first:‘to send Us one for review. Readers of TSUG know about Gary Smith--his Forth newsletter, his ZX Forth and his e€nthusiastic advocacy of the Forth language generally.

It SO happens that I too have been writing & Forth for the 2868 in the tast few MOnths. iS baseéd on

Se€é€ that Forth’s beginning to

Threaded Interpretive Languages. try to describe that book

later issue, for now here are two pieces of

The point I’m trying to make Will be

We S€€ What these do. The word TRY. Simply prints the numbers from SF hex ontc the Screen With Spaces between. GETSET initializes the byte BASIC sustem Variable Callé€d FRAMES to @ a oS. This System variable, as you know, iS incremented every 16 ms, SG Can be used to find out how tong it takes TRY The word TIME.

Z8@ FIG-FORTH HEX ok TRY 68 @ DOI. GETSET 8 5C78 ! @ 5c7A CI ; is)

J: TIME. SC78 5C79 SCTA CR Ce .c Rc@ . cRce. ; Ok

|}: GO GETSET TRY TIME. ; ok

p60 @ie2es¢e4sS678ES9ABCOE

fF F 10 11 12 135 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A_1B 1C 1D 1E 41F 20 21 22 25 2 4 25 26 27 28 29 2A 2B 2C Bp 2E

2F 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 SA_3SB 3C_3D SE 3F 40 41 42 43 4

4°45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 40 4E

4F 5@ 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 53. SA SB SC 5D SE SF

1l.id LOOP ; ok

7 DC ok <

OK TRY 68 @D0O I>. OK

SPACE LOOP ; GETSET @ 5C78 ! @ SC7A C!

OK :

: TIME. S5C78 SC79 5SC7A CR Ce .c

R Ce . tr ce... : ak GO GETSET TRY TIHE.

6] i2 OK BASIC

AS YOU can S@e the results are

Strikingly different--7pc ticks of the flock for Fig against

12 ticks for mine. In decimal

this is 2812 S9agiNSt 18--s time fatio Of more than 188 to 1.

ThiS illustrates the one big

Shortcoming of Uorden’s Fig-

Forth: its Printing routines

too stow. Entering material

from the keyboard, we see the Sam€ Problem. You could not

Consider using this Forth for any réal-time applications that heed print-outs. It realty is

tOo bad it is g6 Stow, because

Fig has several attractive fea- tures.

The. €ditor uses 19 Screens €ach holding 16 lines of 64 Characters. These screens Can be Saved and Loaded Separately From the Forth Program, so extensive Files oF Litt le-used Forth words (or any hind of text material) can be built up and loaded as needed. Judging by Some Of the words listed, I SUSPeCt that disScS Can be Used also, but I have no Wau of kKnow-} ingG--the documentation Says very little about it.

‘For the users who like them there if a table of error mes-— Bages which however can be dis- ‘@bled if you prefer.

Unlike ZX Forth, none of the 2868 screen-handling words are imp lemented--no PLOT, no DRAU, etc. (Come to think of it, how do you clear the screen?)., - S€e€ neither NOT nor NOT= on the List, but maybe I’m not Looking Carefully enough, because the word list seems to be very large.

I don’t like the fact that Capshift PlUS SpPacebar crashes YOU back to BASIC, nor do I like the way NLIST. leaves you with decimal base even though HEX has been set.

None Of these objections are S€rious compared to the first one. Let’s hope this program Will create a few more Forth lovers and that it Will pave the Wau for a better 20668 version. Keep searching, Gary, a tot of US Forth mutS appretiate all your work.

are

SCREEN—CALC distributed by

Banta Software

8088 Highwood Way Orangevale,CA 95442

a review by Dick Scoville

Banta Softwares CALC i

identty j has improved on good. Old Basic because this Program lets you

1) 6feign Variable hames with- GUL Using the Word LET,

2) write “fractions” end €xpo- NMEnts in the Wey You WOoUld om paper, For Example, in- St€ad of Writing

LET Y=(X#xX41) (x42) JOU Now write

2 xX + 1

y J xX+2

33 integrate Functions

43} do some 9raphing, SUtoma- tically E£caling Coordinates and labelling the SxXES,

The price YOU Pau for these features in MONEY, in time and ift €ase of GP€ration is 66 great that the Program as 4 WhOoLE seems USELESS and ¢;

1S ue Q c

a tn | +

FE bee em oe iat ane

mann

lates", that the formula fF YGU have JUST Feature 2) tG Use: it if ess

ct QT

it &@ lot of time to learn how to h

Program MUSt again a6 Undoing YOuUr work end it back to 906d old B

Onty one horizonta be drawn Per Variable, common Expression like

de C(ivxy 4 (Ley))

(the harmonic mean of x and hz5 to be Written in almost USUal Way anyway, didn’t have time t h Feature 3) _very Care fut }vUdging From the amount the Program takes to ad

€ 8.75 Ot du

Sti

CIF iNt€gration iS implem Why not Summation?) The OF the documentation disc atl FESPONSibi lity For the TESULtS and Even Euggect tha you check them USING Gther

ns!

€ WY L

Variables have been #5Signed?

CUMbEersome and With fewer OPtions, For instance, You have to l€arn a NEW way of Writ- ing FOR-NExT loops,

he Package COMES With a

Créases yoy; FeSPECt for goog Old Basic,

SEcConp _oork

AT THE QL Fre-om YOUR COMPUTER,

July 19e4

THE QL as RELEASED initially was not really Suitable for business or Pleasure as it had far

1 which has Overcome some of the criticisms levelled at the firsr QLs, which were fitted with the FB ROM set.

Those criticisms covered all aspects of the QL: it was slow, had an unfriendly editor, the microdrives were Prone to lose files and data, there was no documentation other than for the Psion Packages, the network would not allow integration of Spectrums, the RS232 interface had bugs in it, microdrive files in a well-used Cartridge would take on age to load, the key- board felt a bit clattery with a Sticking enter key, and so on,

The first improvement to look at is speed, the new ROM QL’s are quicker and the following table Bives the benchmark times and puts them into Perspective by comparing with

other well-known computers,

Amstrad BBC IBM Advance QL-FB QL-AH 2x80 £330 £399 £1570 £400 f400 oOo + 1 410610 = «4.2 10 20 19 15 2 33 34 48 34 60 55 47 3°92 83 11,7 7.4 110 9.4 92 4 96 87 12.2 7.5 10.0 92 9.0 5 10.2 9.2 13.4 8.2 14.0 11.7 12.7 6 19.0 13.9 23.3 14.8 27.0 24.0 25.9 7 30.2 21.9 37.4 23.6 69.0 43.4 39.2 1 34.2 52.0 30.0 26.0 23.0 21.0 NIA

There is no getting away from the fact that despite all that is said about the QL, com- paratively speaking, it is slow other than when performing mathematical calculations, and

‘normally the predominant functions are not mathematical,

The editor although a substantial improve- ment over the earlier effort is still not good enough. A full screen editor is the minimum requirement for a “next 8eneration” user- friendly computer, not something that requires Setting up to Provide anything more than basic facilities.

There is about 4K of ROM unused, which makes it hard to understand why a fail screen editor has not been implemented,

Possible to scroll back up the line, The loss of data from microdrives was extremely serious and Previously prevented

me from using the QL in word Processor mode. This problem was a little mystifying as the Spectrum microdrives have worked Perfectly for the last nine months without any problems,

Fortunately the QL’s (AH version) micro- drives appear to be working normally without the problems that were apparent on the very early FB version of the QL.

The other microdrive problem of program loading times, is improved slightly by using a Scatter load technique, but the user is still left with the distinct impression that the QL is slower than the Spectrum microdrives. This is not helped by the frequent microdrive accessing that takes place while using the Psion packages,

A problem exists in determining at what Stage a package is loaded, so I have Provided the time to load Quill in 9 “ready to start a new letter” state and the shortest time taken to load Quill and this article, thar includes Pre-typing and buffering commands to reduce the time to a minimum,

Loading times:

QL-FB QL-AH article

Quill 70s 42s 3m 40s Abacus 77s 38s Archive 73s 42s Easel 728 50s Install-bas 68s 32s (300 lines)

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that. the document could be printed whilst I worked — it’s just a case of spooling a copy as a lower priority job. Worst of all, it sends me back to the beginning of the document when it is finished.

This document takes over six minutes to print at 1260 baud on an 80 character per second printer.

When the part of the document in memory reaches a certain size, either all or a part is dumped to microdrive and although while this occurs the user can still type, nothing happens on the screen until the drives stop.

The block erase facility is controlled by the cursor keys which enable the user to “surround”? the text to be erased. Unfortunately, if the user overscans the block to be erased, it does not appear possible to reduce the size of the text block’to be erased and the user is forced to ESC and restart or to complete the erasure and re-enter the text deleted, but still required.

In spite of what is claimed in the manual, a default page size of 0 does leave breaks in the document, at steps of 256 lines, although it does not number the breaks as pages.

The Quill designers have to make up their minds as to whether Quill’ will include all the facilities of the best word processors or try and produce a more realistic match between software and hardware in an attempt to obtain a reasonable level of performance.

If you already have a monitor it probably will not be compatible with your QL. The picture will overscan on most monitors and some TV's. This is a function of the flyback time and to cover the problem Microvitec are producing a special QL compatible monitor,

There has been a lot of discussion about the speed — or lack of it with the QL. This review is based on the usual set of tests used in all the reviews I prepare. In this instance, more detail is given to provide the reader with enough information to come {9.2 personal view ebout= the QL,

What appears to be out of keeping with such an advanced hardware design is the retrograde step of going back to a line editor to support a very sophisticated but unfortunately slow Basic.

That said, it must be conceded that the hardware represents the ultimate in technical achievement in the under £400 range and probably some way beyond.

CHECKREC

a revi eu Hi awatha Ce

WMiJgTt DATA

4 Butterly Drive Hauppauge, New York 11788

AS checkbook recard Programs gay

S one af the better Programs I've zeen. It has all of the features ef ather mi record programs and includes 3 moiwhatiaon segment. ta compare your ance ta that on your tan statment, cutstanding feature aft thos program is WE abahty to spreadsheet, You can mave

ras 4

iv pers a} oO

rougnm 60 entries, each inciuding the neck number,date written, 30 ward SCriptiany amcunt, current balance, and a notation of if the check has Cleared the cank or not. The intarmation takes up more than a screen acrass and mare than a screen verticaly, tut Cy using the curser keys any section can te scrolled Into wew,

SYSTEMrMs

Pratiem 1 taken, It runst.on a 16k machine if upoer SAM 1s cleared, It is an autorun programy, so after loading the screen tlanks far atcut 10 seconds and then prompts for fhe account code of the checks ta be entered, I persanally think that pragrams should intorm you when they are going te clank the screen so the User goes nat

i) according ta tne date entered or an - 2

should give you a good what the program looks like.

The program loads fram tape in accut 4 ‘minutes and seems ta qwve ne standard procautions are

EEUME a mislaad or ather prabiem and

stop the run. A warning in the dcecumentation isn't quite the tame, but! thats the way mast Sinclair Pragrammers do it, this program is no exceptian,

mere 3s ne resorting af the entries

wtrey fact. If transactions are ente;:

cut af sequence, then thats the way tne, stay. Also, I could find no way to correct a check or depasit entry.

The screen formatting and printed

cuteut loak very pratessional and shaw a goco deal af wark oan the part af the Programmer. It gives a goad print cut at the trancactions entered which 15 quite useful as you try to recencile your account, Back up capies Bre supparted in the software unth ar without data and tbteath

of the program

auterun upon loading.

All in all this is a goad program, I am especially fond af the spreadsneet facility. Hawever it has a few shartcammings that I find it hard tea

ower ace found ne sedutsesncte-cthe error.

carrectian and data resoatring problems. If lover locked them I urge the author ta call my attention ta ait. I would hike ta give WMJ another 3 in it's callectian but a 21s my final assesment, The price is a Zaving grace te this package. At $10.00 t i a goad program ta get for basic ecordkeeping, The user may even effect come at the changes that I nave mentioned, :

The prompts are good and take yc trom entry to entry with little gdyfticulty, AS most check recard Programs this Program is much more awkward than using a pocket calculator for the saine task. But then you can't stare latels an a calculator! However this program ask far the check number and date written Tar each and every checis entered, I would liked ta nave seen default values used mere ta make data entry more expedient. hke same kind of auta increment aft the check number for example. Depasite are entered at separate menu selections and are recorded in the sequence entered,

The following screen copies idea of

COLOR 2

CHOICE! a Program

by Paul Walton

head eg hE LL. ENTER CHER. a oh Si. ET

TER DEPOSIT. E

2, JIEW SPREAC SHEET. . Here is a Program by Paul 4. PRINTOUT TRANSACTIONS. alton for the 2068. Type this

Program in and see what it does for you.

=, RECONCILE ACCOUNT,

1@ REM program ‘c oe

e@ PRINT "I am th ex BESS

25 PRINT

Se PRINT “he re yous B y ron + Ss iat

25 PRINT

27 INPUT Ag

42 PRINT “Wei: “AS

41 PRINT “Uouid you ike wh ze 3 er INE. a: tae ie S°SShic cs 45 INPUT B

=o . :

pe B

“SS

Te] ma) ir Ay eit esa

TON Tn r

UR Baw Be OR)

ET ET:

< Su

i ke i = G a

D= = UE LE B

Cre Pal Cannes a) Ler

fas

a c = G UL a 1@@ LET ¢=c-«4 12@ IF C>+=@ THEN Go To oe 128 60 SUE 7aaa i3@ GC SUB saaa 1428 DRA eS 6 158 GO SUE 7aaa 16@ Go SUE gaga - i?8 DRA BS -5 Ss 16@ 60 SUB Faaa ISG 60 SUE Saaa #00 DRAW -5,55 £18 Go SUB Faga #20 GO SUE Baa 222 CRAL -S5 25-5, 242 60 SUE 7aan 25@ 62 SUB saee 26@ DRAW -S5. on a it DATA S MS = e7O G0 SUE Faae PRESS 'M" FSF MENU ais eo SUB oe PRESS "CC" TO coRREcT 2308 DRAW -iS5-pi .-s5 3@0 GO SUB Faea 218 50 SUE saa See DRAW Ob, =e Wo DATA SYSTEMS 0 Be ene sane CHECKREC] @ 60 SUE saae S50 DRAW &5,-1S5—-n4 S51 GO SUB éaae : Dar a a: ms Se =; S_TEETER-FOR GROCER 55 Te bee aoe RENT FOR APRETMENT — PRINT aT =

Tid.U.G. CUES

4 Oo Teta

= en

MINUS INSURANCE ENT FOR FIERO

FSEURDO-ROM BoReo SIFFIN MEI SHOES CHECKREC AS As

cg: “en.

+ COUT EA I Ra BS CAC

ier BINT {(ANDS63 +4 INK E

S@20 FETUEH

S82 PRINT mal nee oee “Ag

Bea PRINT “ooy

CALENDER a Program by JAMES mMvyvyRIckKk

James Myrick has designed a really neat little program for his 781000. He was kind enough to share it with us. Now after typing in his Calendar program you won’t have any excuse for being late for that date in 1999,

1Q@ REM “CALENDAR

15 PRINT "THIS pPRoOGRAN PRINTS OUT A CALENDAR =aR ANY YEAR-ANY MONTH FROM JANUARY, 4713 B.C. TO RNY YERR IN THE FUTURE (WITHIN RERSON, OF COURSE) ." ay PHUSE 23a CLS CI LET LET

NUARY"! BRUARY"' "MARCH"

“MARY '

"JULY" "AUGUST" “SEPTEMBER® ="OCTOBER" =""NOVEMBER" ="DECEMBER"

mby~

-—" Una

mua Oty RRA AR AR RR RRA A ROR unin VRegewryvevenwe~—ny

LW) WU LN pereroe

RENEE Nope Ro na hd Ow be NPT RON RS PDE

4 4

4 5 ig ww 5 i—¢ 5 5 =]

wuu QW BOWUGr

weve Or

J TT. MDSVeAR PI

im iad | ee - Su De tg

4 if

“= Pe

50 TO 220

ANTI HM AARR ARR RAR RRA RR Ait et Hf OER

Irn

+ 4G4¥ oO De CCrere eee doom

a aa

Dom Ho

'SEGEGGGAINHGONGTOr won H x.

See ee =

ihe Gao co

NOUN 0 ato fo bt 9 TT is nd ee ee ee he be

HOO J VC A 3 G9 Ga

A Y=AR IN Freu

ea 4 <

zum DHA

Y “INPUT @ MONTH"

mm odin

Croaornure nm °, dar Car Huu

Seqouragulue

Ms LEN M=e LET MsMei4 i @ IF M>12 THEN PRINT “ERROR I N INPUT"

THEN GO 18 GO TO 280 220 LET Psa 321 M== THEN GO TO 600

(4=1) OR (m=2) THEN GO T

350 IF ¥¢1582 THEN LET B=0

TO 3¢90

IF LET B=a@: L

GO THEN

'38.60001% (M41) ) 2$+V¥4D41720994.5 THE:.JULIAN PATExx (Ut1. SVS7

NT F

ee a a ni 33) 4 t

X=INT (W*#7+4.5) X=X¢1 48@ REM ##GIVES THE NUMBER OF T HE DAY OF THE WEEK s+

481 PRINT

484 PRINT

486 PRINT

488 PRINT

-8-

“ ¢ 469 PRINT

oe PRINT TAB T(4).4Ms.TAB T(6)~

495 PRINT

300 PRINT TAB T(1),"S"; TAR T (2) PAST CO) pe Tap T 44) SUE Se Peto) a TAB TlGy SES TAR PLZ

’ o

SO@S PRINT

S10 LET o=a

S20 LET O=0+1

S25 IF (M$="ScToBER“) ano (vied 582) AND (O=5) THEN LET O=15

530 IF 0>1(P) THEN Go TO S80 540 PRINT TAB TAX} 303

S50 LET x=x+1

S60 IF X>? THEN LET ye1

S78 GO TO ssa

B00 TF ¢

6 (Y74)-CINT (¥74))=0) AN D_(¥)1582) THEN Let Oar ds ‘ 510 IF ((¥ +180: “(INT (¥ 7108) dey 0) THEN GO TO saa

603 IF ((¥+aaai - INT (Y 7400) )=0 ) AND (Y¥>1582! THEN Let L (2) =2a9 636 IF (t¥vrsaai-(rnt €Y 74.00) ) <>.

2)- THEN LET L (2) =28 640 GO Ta 342

700 LET Y=sV-4

710 LET M=N412

728 GO TO 350

Here is a Sample of the program output, FEBRUARY i7ee a 3 a ee" A i-@2 3 4 65 « 7 & 8 48 43 1e ag i435 16 17 12 3a 36 2@l 22 23 B4 BE Se 355 Zé eS Re eg ie 1385 5 mM T WwW fr «& 5 1 2 3 «4 oo eae, 2 Saeed i219 14 15 16 17 Ys 19°26 21 22 23 24 35 26 27 28 29 3a 31

cde

* 1 1 3. A Sign-up sheet shall be maintained. It shall contain questions, topics, presentation ideas, (especially small points), list of speakers, etc. Possible presenters shall be identified.

The TRIANGLE SINCLAIR USER’S GROUP CONSTITUTION amended as of September 26,1983 ~~“ The folloving amendments to the constitution have been

2 proposed. The amendments vill be voted on during the December NOE! meeting. We encourage all: members, who can, to be present and

I. Triangle Sinclair User’s Group

PURPOSE:

1. To encourage the exchange of information, the communication, and the cooperation amongst its members with regards to the computers designated as MicroAce, Zx-80, 7zx81, TS-1000, and other such machines still to be developed or marketed in the United States. The purposes for which the Triangle Sinclair User’s Group is organized are exclusively charitable, scientific, and educational within the meaning of section 501(c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 or the corresponding provision of any future United States Internal Revenue Law.

STATUS:

III. The TSUG is a non-profit organization meeting at least once a month in the Raleigh, Durham, Chapel Hill area. Monthly meetings are open to any interested individual, and are to rotate between the three designated cities. The benefits of the Organization are open to all who epprove of its purpose and are dues-paying members. Notwithstanding any Provisions of th articles, this organization shall not carry on any other activities not Permitted to be carried on by an organization exempt from Federal Income Tax under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 or the corresponding provision of any future United States Internal Revenue Law. In the event of dissolution, the residual assets of the organization will be turned over to Wake Technical Institute and Durham Technical Institute (of Wake County and Durham County, North Carolina) in the event these Organizations are described in S501(c) (3) of the Internal Revenue Code at our dissolutions however, in the event they are not so described, we will Pass our residual assets on to one or more organizations which themselves are exempt as organizations described in section 501 (cd (3) and 170) (2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 or corresponding sections of any prior or future Internal Revenue Code, or to the Federal, State, or Tocal government for exclusive public purpose.

ELECTIONS:

DUES:

MEETI

IV. Elections shall be held in January of each year.

Vv. Dues shall be kept low and services rendered by the group to its members shall be kept cost effective.

A. Dues shall be set at $10.00, payable semi-annually in $5.00 portions or payable annually.

B. Dues shall be used to implement the purposes of the group.

1. Newsletter every month.

2. Minimal advertizing; advertize during the first couple of months and then rely on word of mouth cectap TOTO AON a, etme eS th RD

3. Notice of major events. 4. Correspondence, supplies, library files.

S. Data Files: establish three data files in the three major areas (Raleigh, Durham, Chapel Hill). Data files should contain supply information, trouble-shooting ideas, technical notes, softwar etc. Magazines will be an important part of the Data File and shall be purchased once the @embership stabilizes.

6. Group projects: Speakers and programs, hardware, software, etc.

7. Membership in other societies.

8. Gifts for meeting presenters.

NGSs

VI. Meetings shall last approximately 1 1/2 hour and shall consist of a short business section followed by the main body of the meeting.

A. Announcements of meetings should be posted and make their appearance at the lowest cost to the group.

i. Raleigh: The Technician, Raleigh News and Observer, Raleigh Cablevision, WKIX, Circuit City, Tech Hi-Fi, NCSU Campus radio station, Wake County Schools, Technical and Business schools in the Wake County area, Public Libraries.

2. Durham: Durham Moring Herald, WDBS, NCCU radio

{ station, WDNC, WDUR, Circuit City, Tech Hi-Fi, Durham City Schools, Durham county Schools, Durham Cable Vision, Public Libraries.

3. Chapel Hills Alert Cable, Village Cable, WUNC, WXYC, WCHL, Daily Tarheel, Chapel Hill Advertizer, TV Guide, Village Advocate, Chapel Hill Newspaper,

Spectator, Public Libraries.

B. The membership shall be responsible for the publicity of the meetings and other events.

C. Busine: section shall be no more than 15-20 minutes unless the election of officers calls for more time.

D. Main body of Meeting shall implement the purposes of the group 1. Presentations by @embers——usually three wil) be given. Nemes of the next @eeting presenter will be drawn out of a hat. All levels of Presentations are encour aged.

2. Demonstrations by menmbers, outside groups ofr persons; every member is expected to participate.

3. Tutorials on techniques, etc. 4. Encourage three levels of program presentations.

E. Ways to haendle varying levels of Computer Literacy and Technical Proficiency.

1. Probleas to be stabilizes.

80] ved once membership

2. Presentations should be short and followed by « Question and Answer Session, then ¢tollowed by a 1m minute, informal, interest-section (from 1 to. section-groups, headed by three people designated by the presenter and/or the officers). The interest groups shall be designated as Z, X,and ¥.

let their vote be counted. In section V, article bs

Amend item 1. to read as follows:

“1. To publish a newsletter every month."

Amend item 2. to read as follows: "2. To do minimal advertizing; advertize our existance during the first couple of months and then rely on word of mouth.” Amend item 3. to read as follows:

"3. To give notice of major events."

Amend item 4, to read as follows: “4. To correspond with other societies and to purchase Supplies and maintain library files."

Amend item 6. to read as follows: "6. To promote useful group projects in both software and hardware,”

Amend item 7. to read as follows:

"7. To establish membership in other societies and encourage the exchange of newsletters."

Amend item 6. to read as follows:

"8. To purchase Gifts for meeting presenters.”

Add item 9. as follows:

"9. To encourage monthly keynote Speakers and to develop programs on useful topics.”

BY-LAWS 1. OFFICERS:

A. The officers of the Timex Triangle User’s Group shall be as follows: President, Vice-President, Treasurer, Secretary, Membership Secretary, and Editor of the Newsletter,

B. The duties and responsibilities of each officer shall be as follows:

1. PRESIDENT: Keeps all activites going, superviges all other officers, and investigates possible ereas of financial backing for the User’s Group.

2. VICE-PRESIDENT: Acts as a @onthly program chairperson, may appoint program moderators as need ari » Fepresents the President in the President’s absence.

s eeniaeenl 3. TREASURER: manages all User’s Group funds, erranges the purcha of supplies, sets up budgets for each section of the User’s Group and any special budget as required, presents a Monthly Treasurer’s Report and an Annual Assets Report.

4. SECRETARY: Notifies officers of special meetings, takes minutes of meeting and presents Monthly Secretary’s Report, corresponds with members about User’s Group activities i¢ needed.

S. MEMBERSHIP SECRETARY: maintains an accurate User's Group membership list, Reminds members of their dues, and provides the membership list to the Newsletter Editor.

6. EDITOR: edits the monthly Newsletter and arranges for its publication.

C. The Officers shell be assisted in their duties by a Board of Operatora which will be prominently published in the Newsletter.

1. Membership on the Board of Operators is by application to and unanimous acceptance by the Officers.

2. Membership applications for the Board O¢ Operators should state:

a. The title of the position.

b. The nature of the position.

c. The extent of service to the User's Group,

3. Membership on the Board of Operators is granted for a term of six (6) months and is renewable.

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